List of active autonomist movements in Europe
This is a list of currently active automomist movements in Europe. Separatism often refers to territorial autonomy.
Azerbaijan
Territory of the short-lived Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic
- People: Talysh people
- Proposed: Talysh province with regional administration within the borders of Azerbaijan[1] or independence[2] or unification with Caspia.
- Political organisation: Talysh National Movement
- Government in exile: Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic[3]
- Proposed: Talysh province with regional administration within the borders of Azerbaijan[1] or independence[2] or unification with Caspia.
Belgium
- People: Flemish
- Autonomous area: Flanders[4]
- Movements: Flemish Movement
- Autonomous area: Flanders[4]
- People: Walloons
- Autonomous area: Wallonia[5]
- Movements: Walloon Movement
- Autonomous area: Wallonia[5]
- Peoples: Walloons, Flemish and Brusselaars
- Proposed: making Brussels-Capital Region its own region
- Political party: DéFI
Bosnia and Herzegowina
Croatian Community of Herzeg-Bosnia
- People: Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Proposed state: Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia, as a refounded third entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina[8]
- Political organisation: Croatian National Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina[9]
- Political parties: Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatian Democratic Union 1990, Croatian Christian Democratic Union
- Proposed state: Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia, as a refounded third entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina[8]
Bulgaria
- Proposed: autonomy for Pirin Macedonia
- Advocacy group: United Macedonian Organization Ilinden–Pirin
Croatia
- People: Istrians (Croats, Istrian Italians, Istro-Romanians, and Istriot-speakers)
- Proposed: Autonomy for Istria within Croatia[12]
- Political party: Istrian Democratic Assembly (factions, not officially)[13][14]
- Proposed: Autonomy for Istria within Croatia[12]
- Ethnic group: Croats of Dalmatia
- Proposed: autonomy for Dalmatia
- Political Party: Dalmatian Action (2021)
- Proposed: autonomy for Dalmatia
Czechia
- Proposition: Greater autonomy for Moravia
- Proposition: autonomy for Liberec Region
- People: Czechs
- Political party: Mayors for the Liberec Region[19]
France
- People: Alsatians (Allemanics)
- Proposed autonomous area: Alsace[20][21][22]
- Political parties: Elsass Zuerst, Alsatian Alternative, Nationalforum Elsass-Lothringen, Unser Land (EFA member)
- Proposed autonomous area: Alsace[20][21][22]
- People: Savoyans
- Proposed autonomous area: Savoy[26][27][28]
- Political party: Movement Règion Savouè (EFA member)
- Proposed autonomous area: Savoy[26][27][28]
- People: Occitans
- Proposed autonomous area: Occitania
- Political parties: Partit Occitan[29] (EFA member), Occitan Nationalist Party,[30] Bastir Occitània,[31] Assemblada Occitana,[32][33] Libertat
- Proposed autonomous area: Occitania
- Proposed autonomous area: Franche Comté[34][35]
- Political party: Mouvement Franche-Comté, Yes Franche-Comté
- militant organization: Franche-Comtât Abada!
- Political party: Mouvement Franche-Comté, Yes Franche-Comté
- Proposed: reestablishment of the County of Nice
- Political party: Ligue pour la restauration des libertés niçoises,[37] Parti niçois
Germany
- People: Bavarians, Franconians, Swabians
- Proposed state or autonomous area: Free State of Bavaria
- Political party: Bavaria Party (EFA member)[39][40][41]
- Proposed state or autonomous area: Free State of Bavaria
- Proposed autonomous region: Franconia[42]
- Political party: Party for Franconia[43]
Italy
Romagna (shown in green) in the Emilia-Romagna region
- Ethnic group: Romagnol people[44]
- Proposal: divide of Romagna from Emilia-Romagna
- Political party: Movement for the Autonomy of Romagna, Lega Romagna
- Ethnic group: Ladins
- Proposed: creation of a province of Ladinia
Lithuania
- Ethnic group: Samogitians
- Proposed autonomous region: Samogitia[46]
- Political party: Samogitian Party, Dawn of Nemunas
- Proposed autonomous region: Samogitia[46]
Malta
- People: Gozitans
- Proposed autonomous area: Gozo[47]
- Political organisation: People's Party (Malta)[48]
- Proposed autonomous area: Gozo[47]
North Macedonia
Poland
- People: Poles, Masurians
- Proposed autonomous area: Masuria[51]
- Political Party: Ruch Autonomii Mazur
- Proposed autonomous area: Masuria[51]
- People: Poles in Greater Poland Voivodeship
- Proposed autonomous area: Greater Poland[52]
- Political party: Konfederacja Wielkopolan
- Proposed autonomous area: Greater Poland[52]
Romania
- People: Hungarians
- Proposed autonomous area: Partium or unification with Hungary
- Advocacy organisations: Hungarian National Council of Transylvania[53]
- Proposed autonomous area: Partium or unification with Hungary
Switzerland
The seven Jura districts in Switzerland
The French-speaking part of Switzerland is shown in green on this map
- Autonomist movements
Jura region
- People: Jurassien (French-speaking)
- Proposed autonomous area: unification of the three districts of Bernese Jura and the Laufen District with the Canton of Jura
- Militant organisations: Mouvement Autonomiste Jurassien (Jurassian Autonomist Movement),[54] Groupe Bélier (Youth activists movement)[55]
- Proposed autonomous area: unification of the three districts of Bernese Jura and the Laufen District with the Canton of Jura
- Ethnic group: Swiss Italians
- Proposed: extended autonomy for Ticino
- Political party: Ticino League
- Proposed: extended autonomy for Ticino
United Kingdom
- People: Welsh
- Proposed state or autonomous region: Wales
- Political parties: Gwlad, Plaid Cymru, Propel, Plaid Glyndŵr, Wales Green Party, Independent Alliance for Reform
- Advocacy groups: YesCymru
- Proposed state or autonomous region: Wales
- People: Canvey Islanders
- Proposed autonomous area: Canvey Island
- Political Parties: Canvey Island Independent Party[58][59][60]
- Proposed autonomous area: Canvey Island
- People: Irish, Northern Irish (Nationalists)
- Proposed state: Re-unification with Ireland or independence[61][62]
- Political parties: Sinn Féin,[63] Fianna Fáil, Éirígí, Social Democratic and Labour Party, Aontú,[64][65] People Before Profit, Communist Party of Ireland, Irish Republican Socialist Party, Republican Network for Unity, Socialist Workers Network, Workers' Party of Ireland
- Militant organisations: RIRA, CIRA[66]
- Proposed state: Re-unification with Ireland or independence[61][62]
- People: People of Shetland
- Proposed autonomous area: Shetland
- Advocacy group: Wir Shetland
- Political Parties: Shetland Movement, Orkney and Shetland Movement, Scottish Green Party[67]
- Proposed autonomous area: Shetland
- People: People of Wessex
- Proposed: autonomy for Wessex
- Political party: Wessex Regionalists
- Advocacy group: Wessex Constitutional Convention[69][70][71][72]
- Proposed: autonomy for Wessex
- People: Orkney islanders
- Proposed: Autonomy within the United Kingdom[73] or self governance under Norway[74][75]
- Advocacy group: Orkney Council
- Political Parties: Orkney and Shetland Movement
- Proposed: Autonomy within the United Kingdom[73] or self governance under Norway[74][75]
References
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- ^ "Azerbaijan authorities must release Talysh activists | Amnesty International". 2020-06-09. Archived from the original on 9 June 2020. Retrieved 2023-06-15.
- ^ Regering in ballingschap ondersteunt strijd in Azerbeidzjan. // Vluchtelingen Dag krant. — Netherlands, 20.06.2019. — P. 4.
- ^ Times, The Brussels. "Bart De Wever wants more autonomy in Flanders". www.brusselstimes.com.
- ^ Times, The Brussels. "Walloons are for greater autonomy, but against separation". www.brusselstimes.com.
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- ^ "Is Brussel klaar voor "een België met vier gewesten"?". 24 February 2025.
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- ^ Rose, Eleanor (2017-01-30). "Bosniaks Slap Down Calls for Bosnian Croat Entity". Balkan Insight. Retrieved 2023-06-15.
- ^ "Macedonian human rights activist in Bulgaria presents 10-point plan for autonomy of Pirin Macedonia". 21 March 2021.
- ^ "Istarska autonomija i zagrebački 'histerični centralizam'".
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- ^ "UNPO: Savoy". unpo.org. Retrieved 2023-06-17.
- ^ "UNPO: Savoy's Long-Ignored Struggle for Self-Determination Finally Makes the Headlines, But at What Cost?". unpo.org. 2 November 2009. Retrieved 2023-06-17.
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- ^ Zappi, Timothée (2022-05-20). "Législatives dans les Landes : le Partit occitan investit trois candidats" (in French). ISSN 1760-6454. Retrieved 2023-06-17.
- ^ The Occitan Nation Party held its biannual National Council on November 6 and 7, 2010 in Montauban. https://www.ladepeche.fr/article/2010/11/09/944114-montauban-parti-de-la-nation-occitane-apres-le-conseil-national.html
- ^ Bastir Occitania presents its candidates for the legislative elections. https://www.lejournaltoulousain.fr/occitanie/politique-occitanie/bastir-occitanie-candidats-elections-legislatives-169027/
- ^ Vaiani, Mauro (2023-04-02). "Assemblada Occitana Valadas". Autonomie e Ambiente (in Italian). Retrieved 2023-06-17.
- ^ cuneocronaca. "Assemblada Occitana Valades: "L'orgoglio per la nostra terra con le bandiere dai balconi"- Cuneocronaca.it". www.cuneocronaca.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2023-06-17.
- ^ "60 % des Francs-Comtois souhaitent que la Franche-Comté se sépare de la Bourgogne (sondage Opinion Way) • macommune.info". www.macommune.info.
- ^ "RÉGIONALES : Le Mouvement Franche-Comté demande aux Républicains et au Rassemblement National de mettre dans leurs programmes un référendum de sécession avec la Bourgogne - info-chalon.com - Toute l'info sur le Grand Chalon et en Saône-et-Loire". Info-Chalon.com.
- ^ Boulanger, Philippe (2022). L'identité « nissarte » et le nationalisme niçois au début du XXIe siècle : la résurgence d'un mouvement revendicatif, mais éclaté. pp. 121–133. doi:10.1515/9782763755182-009. ISBN 978-2-7637-5518-2.
- ^ "Ligue pour la Restauration des Libertés Niçoises - site officiel - blog de la LRLN".
- ^ "Le Nationalisme Lorrain - Separatism in Lorraine" (PDF).
- ^ Satzung der Bayernpartei, 30. October 2011, from: bayernpartei.de, 28 August 2018
- ^ "Bundesländervergleich: Jeder dritte Bayer für Unabhängigkeit von Deutschland | YouGov". yougov.de (in German). Retrieved 2023-06-18.
- ^ "News Article". css.ethz.ch. Archived from the original on 29 June 2021. Retrieved 2023-06-18.
- ^ Przybilla, Olaf (2010-05-17). "Vorbild Schottland". Süddeutsche.de (in German). Retrieved 2023-11-12.
- ^ "Eine neue Partei fordert mehr Autonomie für die Region Franken. Auch wenn das Hunderte von Jahren dauern könnte". 17 May 2010.
- ^ ""Sì alla Regione Romagna, No al bluff del Provincione"". RiminiToday.
- ^ "Ladini trentini, vogliamo più autonomia e una provincia della Ladinia". 28 May 2024.
- ^ "Żmudzki niedźwiedź się budzi » Kresy - wiadomości, wydarzenia, aktualności, newsy". 23 January 2009.
- ^ "The Flag of rebellion is raised in Gozo - The Malta Independent". www.independent.com.mt. Retrieved 2023-07-15.
- ^ "Il-Partit Popolari jipproponi lill-Għawdxin referendum dwar is-sħubija fl-UE". TVMnews.mt. 2022-03-06. Retrieved 2023-07-15.
- ^ ""Ilirida" is resurrected: It will become a party that will fight for a second parliament and for the federalization of Macedonia".
- ^ Henley, Jon; Sheehy, Finbarr; Swann, Glenn; Fenn, Chris (27 October 2017). "Beyond Catalonia: pro-independence movements in Europe". the Guardian. Retrieved 2023-07-18.
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- ^ "Let's run our own affairs in Wessex". Western Daily Press. Europe Intelligence Wire. February 23, 2007.
- ^ "Autonomy for Wessex in UK". Western Daily Press. Europe Intelligence Wire. March 26, 2007.
- ^ "All hail Wessex region". Bristol Evening Post. Europe Intelligence Wire. May 16, 2003.
- ^ "First Brexit, now Orxit? Politicians on Scotland's Orkney Islands vote to explore more autonomy". Associated Press News. 4 July 2023.
- ^ "Orkney proposals to become territory of Norway". BBC News. 2023-07-02. Retrieved 2023-07-12.
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