List of Indian states by wildlife population

India is one of the most biodiverse regions and is home to a large variety of wildlife. It is one of the 17 megadiverse countries and includes four of the world's 36 biodiversity hotspots.[1][2] India has an estimated 92,873 species of fauna, roughly about 7.5% of the species available worldwide.[3][4] the country is home to about 7.6% of mammal, 14.7% of amphibian, 6% of bird, and 6.2% of reptilian species.[3][5]

The Bengal tiger and the Indian elephant are endangered species which are protected by Project Tiger and Project Elephant programmes run by Ministry of Environment and Forests of the Government of India.[6][7][8] India is home to 75% of the world's wild tiger population,[9] and 60% of the Asian elephant population.[10] The Asiatic lion is an endangered species found only in the Gir forest in India.[11] Indian leopards are classified as vulnerable species and protected species,[12] and the Indian wolf is an endangered subspecies of grey wolf, both of which are protected by law.[13]

State-wise data

The South Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu are home to nearly 44% of the elephant, 35% of the tiger, and 31% of the leopard population in India, with Karnataka alone accounting for 22% of the elephants, 18% of the tigers and 14% of the leopards in India.[14][15][16][17] Gujarat is the only state with wild Asiatic lion population in the world.[18]

Wildlife population by state
State Tiger (2022)[14] Elephant (2025)[15] Leopard (2022)[16] Lion (2025)[17] Indian wolf (2022)[19]
Andaman and Nicobar 0 25 0 0 0
Andhra Pradesh 62 120 569 0 165
Arunachal Pradesh 29 617 42 0 0
Assam 182 4,159 74 0 0
Bihar 31 13 86 0 33
Chhattisgarh 19 451 722 0 320
Goa 2 0 77 0 0
Gujarat 0 0 na[a] 891 494
Haryana 0 0 na[a] 0 sp[b]
Himachal Pradesh 0 0 na[a] 0 0
Jharkhand 5 217 51 0 82
Karnataka 524 6,013 1,879 0 72
Kerala 183 2,785 570 0 0
Madhya Pradesh 785 97 3,907 0 772
Maharashtra 444 63 1,985 0 396
Manipur 0 9 na[a] 0 0
Meghalaya 0 677 na[a] 0 0
Mizoram 0 16 na[a] 0 0
Nagaland 0 252 na[a] 0 0
Odisha 20 912 568 0 84
Rajasthan 88 0 721 0 532
Tamil Nadu 306 3,136 1,070 0 sp[b]
Telangana 21 57 297 0 156
Tripura 0 153 na[a] 0 0
Uttar Pradesh 205 257 371 0 61
Uttarakhand 560 1,792 652 0 sp[b]
West Bengal 131 707 233 0 sp[b]
Total 3,682 22,446 13,874 891 3,191

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Estimates are not available
  2. ^ a b c d Sporadic sightings of Indian wolf has been recorded in Haryana, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, and West Bengal[19]

References

  1. ^ Stephen, A.; Suresh, R. & Livingstone, C. (2015). "Indian Biodiversity: Past, Present and Future". International Journal of Environment and Natural Sciences. 7: 13–28.
  2. ^ "Biodiversity Hotspots". CEPF. Archived from the original on 9 March 2017. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
  3. ^ a b "List of Species". Government of India. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  4. ^ "Fauna of India". Government of India. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  5. ^ Biodiversity profile for India (Report). United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  6. ^ "Project Elephant". Wildlife of India. Archived from the original on 12 February 2016. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
  7. ^ "Project Tiger". Project Tiger. Archived from the original on 11 February 2016. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
  8. ^ "About Project Elephant". Government of India. Archived from the original on 14 November 2017. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
  9. ^ "Tiger no. Up 33% in 4 years, India has 75% of global population". The Times of India. 30 July 2019. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
  10. ^ Koshy, Jacob (12 August 2021). "Common survey to count India's elephant and tiger populations". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  11. ^ Singh, H. S. & Gibson, L. (2011). "A conservation success story in the otherwise dire megafauna extinction crisis: The Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica) of Gir forest". Biological Conservation. 144 (5): 1753–1757. Bibcode:2011BCons.144.1753S. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.707.1382. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2011.02.009.
  12. ^ Farrows. "Indian Leopard: Species in World Land Trust reserves". World Land Trust. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
  13. ^ Hennelly, Lauren M.; Habib, Bilal; Modi, Shrushti; Rueness, Eli K.; Gaubert, Philippe; Sacks, Benjamin N. (2021). "Ancient divergence of Indian and Tibetan wolves revealed by recombination-aware phylogenomics". Molecular Ecology. 30 (24): 6687–6700. Bibcode:2021MolEc..30.6687H. doi:10.1111/mec.16127. ISSN 1365-294X. PMID 34398980. S2CID 237147842.
  14. ^ a b Qureshi, Q.; Jhala, Y. V.; Yadav, S. P. & Mallick, A. (2023). Status of tigers, co-predators and prey in India 2022 (PDF) (Report). National Tiger Conservation Authority & Wildlife Institute of India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 May 2024. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
  15. ^ a b "Status of elephants in India: DNA based synchronous all India population estimation of elephants". Wildlife Institute of India. 21 May 2025. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
  16. ^ a b "Leopard status 2022" (PDF). National Tiger Conservation Authority. 19 February 2024. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
  17. ^ a b "India's Asiatic lion population rises by a third". RTE. 21 May 2025. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
  18. ^ Kaushik, Himanshu (4 August 2017). "Gir National Park: Lion population roars to 650 in Gujarat forests". The Times of India. Retrieved 25 February 2020.
  19. ^ a b Yadvendradev Jhala; Swati Saini; Satish Kumar; Qamar Qureshi (4 March 2022). "Distribution, Status, and Conservation of the Indian Peninsular Wol". Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 10. Bibcode:2022FrEEv..1014966J. doi:10.3389/fevo.2022.814966.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.