List of Festa della Repubblica by event from 1946

This is a list of the Festa della Repubblica ceremonies in Rome, from 1946 to the present. The first Festa della republica military Parade took place on 2 June 1948.[1][2] In 1976, no parade or ceremony was held at the Altar of the Fatherland following the disastrous earthquake that struck Friuli on 6 May. Since 2003, in some years, the military parade has had a specific theme.

Date ranges

In 1946, institutional referendum to decide which form of monarchy or republic.

From 1947 to 1949, the first military parades.

From 1948 to 1975, after inclusion in the protocol of celebrations for the Festa della Repubblica, which takes place along Via dei Fori Imperiali, has become a regular feature of the June 2 celebrations

In 1976, first republican celebration not organized following the Friuli earthquake

In 1977, severe economic crisis in 70's, the ceremony was held in Piazza Venezia.

From 1978 to 1982, ceremony at the Altare della Patria was organized on the first Sunday of June.

From 1983 to 1988, return the military parades was organized on the first Sunday of June.

In 1989, after the parade was suspended again, a historical exhibition was organized in Piazza di Siena in Rome

From 1990 to 1991, ceremony was held only in Piazza Venezia.

From 1992 to 1999, ceremony at the Altare della Patria.

In 2000, first military parade return to via dei Fori Imperiali after its suspension, strongly wanted by Carlo Azeglio Ciampi the return of the parade and last to be celebrated on the first Sunday of June.

From 2001, return regular feature the military parade celebrated on 2 June after its reinstatement by law no. 336 of 20 November 2000.

List

Year Date Themes Anniversary President Remarks
Italian English
1946 Sun 2 June No themes 0 anniversary Enrico De Nicola There were no parades because there was an institutional referendum to decide which form of state – monarchy or republic – to give to the country.[3] Enrico De Nicola was elected provisional head of state by the Constituent Assembly on 28 June 1946 and held this office from 1 July of the same year to 31 December 1947.
1947 Mon 2 June No themes 1st anniversary Enrico De Nicola First celebration of Festa della Repubblica and anniversary of the referendum that established the Republic
1948 Wed 2 June 2nd anniversary Luigi Einaudi First military parade in Via dei Fori Imperiali in Rome and Einaudi's first military parade settled on 12 May 1948
1949 Thu 2 June 3th anniversary In that year, 2 June was definitively declared a national holiday and Italy joined NATO
1950 Fri 2 June 4th anniversary The parade was included in the protocol of celebrations for the Festa della Repubblica, which takes place along Via dei Fori Imperiali, has become a regular feature of the June 2 celebrations. It saw the participation of various components of the armed forces and other state bodies. On that occasion, President Luigi Einaudi reviewed the troops from a car. The parade included parades of military academics, navy, air force, and other armed forces. After the parade, a historical carousel was performed by mounted Carabinieri.
1951 Sat 2 June 5th anniversary
1952 Mon 2 June 6th anniversary
1953 Tue 2 June 7th anniversary
1954 Wen 2 June 8th anniversary Last military parade of Luigi Einaudi ends his term on 11 May 1955
1955 Thu 2 June 9th anniversary Giovanni Gronchi First military parade of Giovanni Gronchi settled on 11 May 1955
1956 Sat 2 June 10th anniversary
1957 Sun 2 June No themes 11st anniversary
1958 Mon 2 June 12nd anniversary
1959 Tue 2 June 13th anniversary First time ALE (Aviazione dell'Esercito) aircraft are taking part in the military parade
1960 Thu 2 June 14th anniversary
1961 Fri 2 June 15th anniversary The military parade took place in Turin and Florence first capitals, in honor of the centenary of Italian unification. Last military parade of Giovanni Gronchi ends his term on 11 May 1962
1962 Sat 2 June 16th anniversary Antonio Segni First military parade of Antonio Segni settled on 11 May 1962
1963 Sun 4 November 17th anniversary The parade for the Italian Republic Day did not take place due to the death of Pope John XXIII, who died the next day, and was postponed to 4 November of that year.
1964 Tue 2 June 18th anniversary Last military parade of Antonio Segni before his resignation on 6 December 1964 after his Cerebral thrombosis on 7 August 1964
1965 Wen 2 June 19th anniversary Giuseppe Saragat For the 50th anniversary of Italy's entry into the First World War was also commemorated. Specifically, Italy officially began military operations in World War I on 24 May 1915. The banners of the suppressed military units that took part in the World War I also participated in the main celebration of Rome; the first cannon shot fired by Fort Verena, on the Asiago plateau, towards the Austrian fortresses located on the Vezzena Plain: to the first infantry of the Royal Italian Army that crossed the border is dedicated the first stanza of La Leggenda del Piave. First military parade of Giuseppe Saragat settled on 29 December 1964
1966 Thu 2 June 20th anniversary The parade was dedicated to the twentieth anniversary of the birth of the Italian Republic
1967 Fri 2 June No themes 21st anniversary
1968 Sat 2 June 22nd anniversary
1969 Sun 2 June 23th anniversary
1970 Tue 2 June 24th anniversary
1971 Wen 2 June 25th anniversary Last military parade of Giuseppe Saragat ends his term on 29 December 1971
1972 Thu 2 June 26th anniversary Giovanni Leone First military parade of Giovanni Leone settled on 29 December 1971
1973 Sat 2 June 27th anniversary
1974 Sun 2 June 28th anniversary
1975 Mon 2 June 29th anniversary For the thirtieth anniversary of the end of the Second World War, in 1975, some Flag Groups of the formations, regular and otherwise, that had participated in the War of Liberation were introduced into the parade structure, together with the Gonfalons of the cities decorated with the Gold Medal for Military Valor. Last military parade before his elimination in 1977
1976 Wen 2 June No themes 30th anniversary Giovanni Leone The military parade was not organized following the disastrous earthquake of Friuli and replaced by a wreath-laying ceremony at the Unknown Soldier
1977 Sun 5 June 31st anniversary First Festa della Repubblica not celebrated with its traditional parade due to the severe economic crisis that gripped Italy in the 1970s, in order to contain state and social costs, Law No. 54 of March 5, 1977, made Republic Day a "movable feast" and moved it to the first Sunday in June, thus eliminating June 2 as a public holiday. The ceremony was held in Piazza Venezia, with a Brigade of 43 companies representing all armed and non-armed forces and corps of the state.
1978 Sun 4 June 32nd anniversary First ceremony at the Altare della Patria - Laying of a laurel wreath by the Head of State at the Monument to the Unknown Soldier. Last and only ceremony at the Altare della Patria of Giovanni Leone before his resignation on 15 June 1978 after Lockheed scandals. The previous months were difficult following the Kidnapping and murder of Aldo Moro and Acca Larentia killings (7 January) the killings of magistrate Riccardo Palma (14 February), Public security Marshal Rosario Berardi (10 March), Lorenzo Cutugno (11 April), Francesco Di Cataldo (20 April) by Red Brigades, the Killing of Fausto and Iaio (18 March) by probably far-right elements and the murder of Peppino Impastato by Cosa Nostra, his body was found on the same day that Aldo Moro was found on 9 May. In the following months, between August and October, three popes succeeded one another: Paul VI, who died on August 6, the election and death of John Paul I, and the election of John Paul II. It's known as the L'Anno dei Tre Papi and still the killings of the commander of the Udine prison Antonio Santoro (6 June) by Cesare Battisti, Police commissioner Antonio Esposito (21 June), the magistrate Girolamo Tartaglione (10 October) by Red Brigades, also the murder of graduate Ivo Zini by NAR and Chief Prosecutor of Frosinone Fedele Calvosa (8 November) by Formazioni comuniste combattenti, on 23 December the Alitalia Flight 4128. It was a difficult year for Italy
1979 Sun 3 June 33th anniversary Sandro Pertini First ceremony at the Altare della Patria - Laying of a laurel wreath of Sandro Pertini settled on 9 July 1978
1980 Sun 1 June 34th anniversary The previous months were difficult following murder of Christian Democrat president of the Sicilian Region, Piersanti Mattarella by Cosa Nostra, the assassination of vice president of the CSM and university professor Vittorio Bachelet by the Red Brigades, the assassination of judge Guido Galli by the Prima Linea and the murder of journalist of the Corriere della Sera Walter Tobagi by the Brigata XXVIII marzo, on 28 March Via Fracchia massacre. In the following months were very difficult, twenty-six days later Ustica massacre, next month Libyan Air Force MiG-23 crash, in August the Bologna massacre, in November Curinga train disaster and two days after Irpinia earthquake. It was a difficult year for Italy
1981 Sun 7 June 35th anniversary
1982 Sun 6 June 36th anniversary
1983 Sun 5 June No themes 37th anniversary Sandro Pertini The military parade was reinserted, after five years, in the official ceremony of the main celebration of Rome in that year the Festa della Repubblica was organized on the first Sunday of June between the Aventine and Porta San Paolo to commemorate the Resistance to the German occupation of the city of Rome during the World War II
1984 Sun 3 June 38th anniversary The parade return to Via dei Fori Imperiali.
1985 Sun 2 June 39th anniversary The parade took place between Via dei Cerchi and the Baths of Caracalla. Last military parade of Sandro Pertini before his courtesy resignation on 29 June 1985 to allow the installation of his successor, already elected
1986 Sun 1 June 40th anniversary Francesco Cossiga The parade return to Via dei Fori Imperiali. First military parade of Francesco Cossiga settled on 3 July 1985. First time the Lancia Flaminia "335" Presidenziale was used and it will be used in subsequent parades. The parade was dedicated to the fortieth anniversary of the birth of the Italian Republic
1987 Sun 7 June 41st anniversary
1988 Sun 5 June 42nd anniversary
1989 Sun 4 June No themes 43th anniversary Francesco Cossiga The military parade was eliminated again; in its place, a historical exhibition was organized in Piazza di Siena in Rome
1990 Sun 3 June No themes 44th anniversary Francesco Cossiga The ceremony was held only in Piazza Venezia the following year as well.
1991 Sun 2 June 45th anniversary Last military parade of Francesco Cossiga before his courtesy resignation on 28 April 1992 to allow the installation of his successor, already elected
1992 Sun 7 June No themes 46th anniversary Oscar Luigi Scalfaro The celebration of the Festa della Repubblica was limited exclusively, again, to the ceremony at the Altare della Patria. First celebration of Oscar Luigi Scalfaro settled on 28 May 1992. Five days earlier was killed by Sicilian Mafia magistrate Giovanni Falcone, his wife and three police escort agents, the Capaci bombing, and the following month, 19 July, the magistrate and Falcone's friend, Paolo Borsellino, was also killed by the Mafia and five members of his police escort, the Via D'Amelio bombing. The bomb exploded while he was walking to the entrance gate where his at mother lived and on 12 March Salvatore Lima was killed by Sicilian Mafia. It was a difficult year for Italy
1993 Sun 6 June 47th anniversary
1994 Sun 5 June 48th anniversary
1995 Sun 4 June 49th anniversary
1996 Sun 2 June 50th anniversary The ceremony at the Altare della Patria was dedicated to the fiftieth anniversary of the birth of the Italian Republic[4]
1997 Sun 1 June 51st anniversary
1998 Sun 7 June 52nd anniversary Last ceremony at the Altare della Patria of Oscar Luigi Scalfaro before his resignation on 15 May 1999
1999 Sun 6 June 53th anniversary Carlo Azeglio Ciampi First and only ceremony at the Altare della Patria of Carlo Azeglio Ciampi. Last ceremony before the restoration of the historic military parade
2000 Sun 4 June No themes 54th anniversary Carlo Azeglio Ciampi First military parade return to via dei Fori Imperiali after its suspension eight years earlier. First parade of Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, who had strongly wanted the return of the parade, and last celebrated on the first Sunday of June
2001 Sat 2 June 55th anniversary First parade celebrated on 2 June after its reinstatement by law no. 336 of 20 November 2000 after twenty-four years of suspension
2002 Sun 2 June 56th anniversary
2003 Mon 2 June Le forze armate nel sistema di sicurezza internazionale per il progresso pacifico e democratico dei popoli The armed forces in the international security system for the peaceful and democratic progress of peoples 57th anniversary First military parade with specific theme
2004 Thu 2 June Le forze armate per la Patria The Armed Forces for the Fatherland 58th anniversary
2005 Tue 2 June - - 59th anniversary Last military parade of Carlo Azeglio Ciampi before his courtesy resignation on 15 May 2006 to allow the installation of his successor, already elected on 15 May 2006
2006 Fri 2 June - - 60th anniversary Giorgio Napolitano First military parade of Giorgio Napolitano settled on 15 May 2006. The parade was dedicated to the sixtieth anniversary of the birth of the Italian Republic
2007 Sat 2 June - - 61st anniversary
2008 Mon 2 June La Repubblica e le Sue Forze Armate The Republic and its Armed Forces 62nd anniversary
2009 Thu 2 June 63th anniversary The parade was dedicated to the L'Aquila earthquake victims
2010 Wen 2 June La Repubblica e le sue forze armate impegnate in missioni di pace The Republic and its armed forces engaged in peacekeeping 64th anniversary
2011 Tue 2 June 150º anniversario dell'Unità d'Italia 150th anniversary of the Unification of Italy 65th anniversary At the parade, beyond the historic flags of Italy, the Tricolore di Oliosi also paraded. The historic flag, which paraded on a cannon carriage, dates back to the third Italian war of independence (1866) and was heroically saved in Oliosi, now a hamlet of the municipality of Castelnuovo del Garda, from capture by Austrian troops during the battle of Custoza.
2012 Sat 2 June Le Forze Armate al servizio del Paese The Armed Forces at the service of the country 66th anniversary The parade was dedicated to the earthquake victims of Emilia
2013 Sun 2 June - - 67th anniversary The parade was dedicated to the "social question" of families and businesses in difficulty
2014 Mon 2 June - - 68th anniversary the parade was dedicated at the start of the semester of the Italian Presidency of the European Council. Last military parade of Giorgio Napolitano before his resignation on 14 January 2015
2015 Thu 2 June Forze Armate: garanzia di sicurezza e difesa Armed Forces: guarantee of security and defense 69th anniversary Sergio Mattarella the parade was dedicated on the centenary of the Italian victory in the Great War. The first military parade of Sergio Mattarella was held on 3 February 2015
2016 Tue 2 June 70 anni di Repubblica! L'Italia guarda al futuro 70 years of the Republic! Italy looks to the future 70th anniversary The parade was dedicated to the seventieth anniversary of the birth of the Italian Republic. First parade with the mayors representing 8000 Italian municipalities
2017 Fri 2 June - - 71st anniversary
2018 Sat 2 June - - 72nd anniversary First time an Italian Army paratrooper landed in front of the presidential rostrum after flying over Via dei Fori Imperiali, unfurling a 400 m2 Italian flag
2019 Sun 2 June Inclusione Inclusion 73th anniversary
2020 Thu 2 June No themes 74th anniversary Sergio Mattarella Public event cancelled due to the coronavirus pandemic, the celebration and speech by the President of the Republic Sergio Mattarella were held in Codogno, a municipality where the first confirmed outbreak of COVID-19 in Italy had been recorded just over three months earlier
2021 Wen 2 June 75th anniversary Public event cancelled due to the coronavirus outbreak Sergio Mattarella laid a laurel wreath on the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at the Altar of the Fatherland for the first time, after twenty-two years the last ceremony at the Altare della Patria was in 1999
2022 Tue 2 June Insieme per la difesa della pace Together for the defense of peace 76th anniversary Sergio Mattarella The military parade returns after the COVID-19 pandemic and return of the Italian Army paratrooper with the 400 m2 Italian flag. The operatic pop trio Il Volo sang the Italian national anthem, is the first time a singer sang the Il Canto degli Itliani at the parade
2023 Fri 2 June Italiani: un patrimonio di valori per la Repubblica Italians: a heritage of values for the Republic 77th anniversary First time Italian Paralympic Committee are taking part in the military parade. The soprano opera singer Eleonora Buratto sang the Italian national anthem
2024 Sun 2 June Al servizio del Paese At the service of the country 78th anniversary The singer Claudio Baglioni sang the Italian national anthem. Showered by heavy rain
2025 Mon 2 June A difesa della Repubblica, al servizio del Paese In defence of the Republic, at the service of the country 79th anniversary The singer Arisa sang the Italian national anthem

Notes

  1. ^ "Festa della Repubblica: le foto della parata a Roma" (in Italian). 2 June 2015. Retrieved 19 January 2016.
  2. ^ "2 Giugno, la prima parata con Mattarella ai Fori tra bandiere, applausi e frecce tricolori" (in Italian). 2 June 2015. Retrieved 19 January 2016.
  3. ^ "Perché la Festa della Repubblica è proprio il 2 giugno" (in Italian). 2 June 2015. Retrieved 19 January 2016.
  4. ^ archivio.quirinale.it
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